視窗程式設計期中考重點

2/20 練習

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    double degreeC,degreeF;
    cout<<"Please enter the degree C!"<<endl;
    cin>>degreeC;
    degreeF=degreeC*9/5+32;
    cout<<"The degree C transform to degree F is "<<degreeF<<endl;

    cout<<"Please enter the degree F!"<<endl;
    cin>>degreeF;
    degreeC=(degreeF-32)*5/9;
    cout<<"The degree F transform to degree C is "<<degreeC<<endl;
    return 0;
}

0227練習

#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(){
    int n[101][200]={0};
    n[0][0]=1;
    int i,j;
    for(i=1;i<=100;i++){

        for(j=0;j<200;j++)
            n[i][j]=n[i-1][j]*i;
        for(j=0;j<200;j++)
            if(n[i][j]>=10){
                n[i][j+1]+=n[i][j]/10;
                n[i][j]%=10;
            }
        int t=199;
        while(n[i][t]==0) t--;
        cout<<i<<"!=";
        for(;t>=0;t--) cout<<n[i][t];
        cout<<endl;

    }


}

0306練習

# include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;

class CTime
{
private:
// members data
      int m_hours;
      int m_mins;
      int m_secs;
public:
// constructors
CTime(void);
CTime(int hours, int mins, int secs);

// other members function
bool setTime(int hours, int mins, int secs);
int getHours();
int getMins();
int getSecs();
void diff(CTime *time);
void print();
};
// Auxiliary Function
    bool isValidTime(int hours,int mins,int secs);
// constructors
    CTime::CTime(){
  m_hours=0;
  m_mins=0;
  m_secs=0;
      }

 CTime::CTime(int hours, int mins, int secs) {
     m_hours=hours;
        m_mins=mins;
        m_secs=secs;
      }


// member methods
    bool CTime::setTime(int hours, int mins, int secs){
  if (!isValidTime(hours, mins, secs))
   return false;
  else {
   m_hours=hours;
   m_mins=mins;
   m_secs=secs;
   return true;
  }
      }

      void CTime::diff(CTime *time){
        int sum1=m_hours*3600+m_mins*60+m_secs;
        int sum2=time->m_hours*3600+time->m_mins*60+time->m_secs;
        int sum=abs(sum2-sum1);

        int h=sum/3600;
        int m=sum%3600/60;
        int s=sum%60;
        if(h<10) cout<<0;
        cout << h << ":";
        if(m<10) cout<<0;
        cout << m << ":";
        if(s<10) cout<<0;
        cout << s << endl;
      }

      int CTime::getHours(){
  return m_hours;
      }

      int CTime::getMins(){
  return m_mins;
      }

      int CTime::getSecs(){
  return m_secs;
      }



      void CTime::print() {
        if(m_hours<10) cout<<0;
        cout << m_hours << ":";
        if(m_mins<10) cout<<0;
        cout << m_mins << ":";
        if(m_secs<10) cout<<0;
        cout << m_secs << endl;  //  ???  00:00:00
      }
      bool isValidTime(int hours,int mins,int secs)
      {
     return ( hours >=0 && hours < 24 && mins >= 0
            && mins < 60&& secs >= 0 && secs < 60 );
      }
int main(){

    CTime *time1=new CTime(12, 59, 59);
    cout << " time1>> ";
    time1->print();
    CTime *time2=new CTime(13, 0, 0);  // generate an CTime object time2 and time is 13:00:00
    cout << " time2>> ";
    time2->print();
    // add a member function into the CTime class for processing time difference
    //
    cout << " diftime>> ";
    time1->diff(time2);


}

ex0320 MS visual studio C++

// php.cpp: 主要專案檔。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdlib.h"

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text::RegularExpressions;
using namespace System::Collections;

int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
 String^ input="Information and Management Department";
 String^ infix="67 + 55 * 5 - 32 / 4";

 String^ postfix="";
 Regex^ rx=gcnew Regex(" ");
 array<String^> ^a=rx->Split(infix);
 for each(String^ ss in a) Console::WriteLine(";"+ss);
 Stack^ stk1=gcnew Stack();


 for each(String^ ss in a){
  if(ss=="+" || ss=="-" ||ss=="*" ||ss=="/" ){
   if(stk1->Count ==0){
    stk1->Push(ss);
   }else{
    String^ peek=stk1->Peek()->ToString();
    if(ss=="*" ||ss=="/" ){
     if(peek=="-"||peek=="+"){
      stk1->Push(ss);
     }else{
      while(stk1->Count!=0)
       postfix=postfix+" "+stk1->Pop();
      stk1->Push(ss);
     }           
    }else{
     while(stk1->Count!=0)
       postfix=postfix+" "+stk1->Pop();
     stk1->Push(ss);
    } 
   }
  }else{
   postfix=postfix+" "+ss;
  }
 }
 while(stk1->Count!=0)
   postfix=postfix+" "+stk1->Pop();

 Console::WriteLine("postfix >>" + postfix);

 int op1,op2,op3;
 array<String^> ^b=rx->Split(postfix);
 for each(String^ ss in b){
  if(ss=="")
   ;
  else{
   if(ss=="+"){
    op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op3=op2+op1;
    stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
   }else if(ss=="-" ){
    op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op3=op2-op1;
    stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
   }else if(ss=="*"){
    op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op3=op2*op1;
    stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
   }else if(ss=="/"){
    op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
    op3=op2/op1;
    stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
   }else{
    stk1->Push(ss);
   }
  }
 }

 Console::WriteLine("sum >>" + stk1->Pop());

 system("pause");
    return 0;
}

0327練習A

// 0327A.cpp: 主要專案檔。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdlib.h"

using namespace System;

int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
  array<int> ^day=gcnew array<int>{10,9,3,7};
    try    // 監視程式碼的區塊 
    {
  int b = Convert::ToInt32("ABC") ;
         Console::WriteLine("b is {0}", b);
     }
     catch (ArithmeticException ^e)    // 取得”除以零”的錯誤
     {
          Console::WriteLine("ArithmeticException: {0}",e->Message);
      }catch (ArgumentException ^e)   
     {
          Console::WriteLine("ArgumentException: {0}",e->Message);
      }catch (FormatException ^e)    
     {
          Console::WriteLine("FormatException: {0}",e->Message);
      }catch (IndexOutOfRangeException ^e)    
     {
          Console::WriteLine("IndexOutOfRangeException: {0}",e->Message);
      }catch (Exception ^e)    // 例外狀況
     {
          Console::WriteLine("Exception: {0}",e->Message);
      }
     __finally
     {
           Console::WriteLine("End of Job");
  }
  system("pause");
    return 0;

}

0327練習B

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <math.h>

using namespace std;

class interest{
private:
    char type;                  // 'S': Single rate;  'C':Compound interest
    double prin, rate=0.05;     // prin: principal; rate: bank rate
    int year;

public:
    interest(char tp);
    interest(char tp, double rt);
    int getResult(double year);
    void setPrin(double pp);
    void setRate(double rr);
};

    interest::interest(char tp){
        type = tp;
    }
    interest::interest(char tp, double rt){
        type = tp;
        rate = rt;
    }
    int interest::getResult(double yy){  // Formula of Single= p(1+nr)
                                        // Formula of Compound= P(1+r)^n
        year = yy;
        if(type=='S'){
            return round(prin*(1+year*rate));
        }else{
            return round(prin*pow((1+rate),year));
        }
    }

    void interest::setPrin(double pp){
        prin = pp;
    }
    void interest::setRate(double rr){
        rate = rr;
    }

int main(){
        double prin=2000, rate=0.05;

 interest *A = new interest('S');
 interest *B = new interest('C',rate);
        A->setPrin(prin);
        B->setPrin(prin);
    interest *D = new interest('S');
 interest *C = new interest('C',rate);
        C->setPrin(5000);
        C->setRate(0.0315);
        D->setPrin(5000);
        D->setRate(0.0315);
        cout<< "    *** Principal = " << prin << " \t **** Rate = "<< rate<<endl;   // 2000, 0.05
        cout<< "\nYears\t Bank A(Single) \tBank B(Compound) " << endl;
        cout<< "----------------------------------------------------- " << endl;
        for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) {
                //...............

                cout << "   "<<i<<"\t\t"<<A->getResult(i);
                cout << "\t\t\t"<< B->getResult(i)<< endl;
        }
 cout << "===================================================== "<<endl;
        cout<< "    *** Principal = 5000 \t **** Rate = 0.0315"<<endl;
        cout<< "\nYears\t Bank D(Single) \tBank C(Compound) " << endl;
        cout<< "----------------------------------------------------- " << endl;
        for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) {
                //...............

                cout << "   "<<i<<"\t\t"<<D->getResult(i);
                cout << "\t\t\t"<< C->getResult(i)<< endl;
        }
}

0410練習
A9803002 Alexis     73 81 54 66 avg:66
A9803006 Matthew    98 87 74 83 avg:84
A9803008 Aiden      83 77 82 72 avg:78
A9803011 Chrimetor  53 53 46 55 avg:51 *
A9803017 Addisory   83 88 74 57 avg:73
A9803019 Chritopher 77 83 71 88 avg:79
A9803020 Mason      63 69 88 90 avg:79
A9803023 Addison    95 97 94 82 avg:91
A9803028 Joshua     43 52 60 55 avg:53 *
A9803029 Andrew     71 79 64 72 avg:70
A9803030 Elizabeth  63 61 58 51 avg:57 *

// test.cpp: 主要專案檔。

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "stdio.h"

using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;

int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
 try {
  String^ fid2="d:\\stdrec1.txt";
  if(!File::Exists(fid2)){
   Console::WriteLine(L" File does not exists!!");
   return 0;
  }
  String^ fid="d:\\report.txt";
  if(File::Exists(fid)){
   Console::WriteLine(L" File already exists!!");
   File::Delete(fid);
   return 0;
  }
  StreamWriter^ sw=File::CreateText(fid);
  StreamReader^ sr=gcnew StreamReader(fid2);
  
  String ^line, ^sid, ^sname, ^sc1, ^sc2, ^sc3, ^sc4;

  while((line = sr->ReadLine()) != nullptr){
   sid=line->Substring(0,8);
   sname=line->Substring(8,10);
   sc1=line->Substring(19,2);
   sc2=line->Substring(22,2);
   sc3=line->Substring(25,2);
   sc4=line->Substring(28);
   int avg=Convert::ToDouble(sc1)*0.2+Convert::ToDouble(sc2)*0.2+Convert::ToDouble(sc3)*0.3+Convert::ToDouble(sc4)*0.3;
   String ^fail=" ";
   if(avg < 60) fail="*";
   Console::WriteLine("{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} avg:{6} {7}",sid,sname,sc1,sc2,sc3,sc4,avg,fail);
      
   sw->WriteLine("{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} avg:{6} {7}",sid,sname,sc1,sc2,sc3,sc4,avg,fail); 
  }
  sr->Close();
  sw->Close();
 }
 catch(Exception^ e){
  Console::WriteLine("The file can't be read: {0}",e->Message);
 }
    return 0;
}

0417檔案輸出輸入
 ifstream (檔案輸入)、ofstream (檔案輸出) 以及 fstream (檔案輸出入)
※檔案的開啟與關閉
開啟檔案
檔案物件.open(“檔案名稱”,ios::開啟模式);
可供選擇的開啟模式

• ios::app 開啟可供附加資料的檔案
• ios::in 開啟可供讀取資料的檔案
• ios::out 開啟可供寫入資料的檔案
• ios::trunc 若檔案已存在，先刪除它，再開啟
• ios::binary 開啟二進位的輸入/輸出檔案

關閉檔案
檔案物件.close();
※文字檔的處理
將資料寫入文字檔
將資料附加到已存在的文字檔
從文字檔案讀取資料
get()、getline()、put()
利用 put() 將字串寫入檔案
文字檔的拷貝與讀取
//從檔案內讀取一個字元，並把它寫入 ch 字元變數
檔案物件.get(ch);
//從檔案內最多讀取 N-1 個字元，或是讀取到 \n
//並把它存放到字串 str 中
檔案物件.getline(str, N, ’\n’);
//將ch字元變數的值寫入檔案內
檔案物件.put(ch);
prog18_1

//prog18_1, 將資料寫入文字檔  
#include <fstream>   // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
   ofstream ofile("c:\\donkey.txt",ios::out);  // 建立ofile物件
   
   if(ofile.is_open())                         // 測試檔案是否被開啟
   {
      ofile << "我有一隻小毛驢" << endl;       // 將字串寫入檔案
      ofile << "我從來也不騎" << endl;         // 將字串寫入檔案       
      cout << "已將字串寫入檔案..." << endl; 
   }
   else 
      cout << "檔案開啟失敗..."  << endl; 
   
   ofile.close();                              // 關閉檔案
  
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_2

//prog18_2, 將資料附加到已存在的文字檔  
#include <fstream>                              // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
   ofstream afile("c:\\donkey.txt",ios::app);   // 建立afile物件 從檔案結尾寫入(輸出)資料
   
   if(afile.is_open())                          // 測試檔案是否被開啟
   {
      afile << "有一天我心血來潮騎著去趕集";    // 將字串寫入檔案

      cout << "已將字串附加到檔案了..." <<endl; 
   }
   else 
      cout << "檔案開啟失敗..."  << endl; 
   
   afile.close();                               // 關閉檔案
  
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_3

//prog18_3, 從檔案讀入資料 
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
   char txt[40];       // 建立字元陣列，用來接收字串
   ifstream ifile("c:\\donkey.txt",ios::in);
   
   while(!ifile.eof())      // 判別是否讀到檔案的尾端
   {
      ifile >> txt;         // 將檔案內容寫入字元陣列
      cout << txt << endl; 
   }
   
   ifile.close();       // 關閉檔案
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_4

//prog18_4, 利用put()將字串寫入檔案
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
   char txt[]="Welcome to the C++ world" ;     // 建立字元陣列
   int i=0;

   ofstream ofile("F:\\welcome.txt",ios::out);

   while(txt[i] != '\0')                      // 判別txt[i]字元是否為字串尾端
   {
      ofile.put(txt[i]);                   // 將字元txt[i]寫入檔案
      i++;
   }
   cout << "字串寫入完成..." << endl;
   ofile.close();

   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_5

//prog18_5, 文字檔的拷貝與讀取
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
   char txt[80],ch;

   ifstream ifile1("c:\\welcome.txt",ios::in);
   ofstream ofile("c:\\welcome2.txt",ios::out);

   while(ifile1.get(ch))                       // 判別是否讀到檔案的尾端
      ofile.put(ch);
   cout << "拷貝完成..." << endl;
   ifile1.close();
   ofile.close();
   
   ifstream ifile2("c:\\welcome2.txt",ios::in);
   while(!ifile2.eof())                        // 判別是否讀到檔案的尾端
   {
      ifile2.getline(txt,80,'\n');
      cout << txt << endl;
   }
   ifile2.close();

   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_6

//prog18_6, 二進位檔寫入的練習 
#include <fstream>   // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath>   // 載入數學函數庫cmath
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
   double num;  
   ofstream ofile("c:\\binary.dat",ios::binary);    // 開啟可供寫入的二進位檔
   
   for(int i=1;i<=5;i++)
   {
      num=sqrt((double)i);  // 將i轉成double，再計算sqrt(i)
      ofile.write((char*)&num,sizeof(num));         // 將num寫入二進位檔
   }
   cout << "已將資料寫入二進位檔了..." << endl;
   
   ofile.close();        // 關閉檔案
   
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_7

//prog18_7, 讀取二進位檔
#include <fstream>                        // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
   ifstream ifile("c:\\binary.dat",ios::binary);  // 開啟二進位檔
   double num;
   
   for(int i=1;i<=5;i++)
   {
      ifile.read((char*) &num,sizeof(num));       // 從二進位檔中讀取資料
      cout << num << endl;                      // 印出讀取的內容
   }   
   cout << "二進位檔已被讀取了..." << endl; 
   
   ifile.close();                           // 關閉檔案  
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_8

//prog18_8, 將物件的內容寫入二進位檔  
#include <fstream>               // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class CStudent
{
   protected:
      char name[40];
      int age;
   public:
      void get_data(void)          // 成員函數，用來輸入物件的資料成員
      {
         cout << "Enter name: "; cin >> name;
         cout << "Enter age: "; cin >> age;  
      }
      void show_data(void)         // 成員函數，用來顯示物件的資料成員
      {
         cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
         cout << "Age: "  << age << endl;  
      }            
};

int main(void)
{
   CStudent st;    
   st.get_data();
      
   ofstream ofile("c:\\student.dat",ios::binary);
   
   ofile.write((char*) &st,sizeof(st));          // 將物件寫入二進位檔中
   cout << "資料已寫入檔案中..." << endl;
   
   ofile.close();              // 關閉檔案
   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

prog18_9

//prog18_9, 從二進位檔裡讀取物件的資料
#include <fstream>      // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class CStudent
{
   protected:
      char name[40];
      int age;
   public:
      void get_data(void)     // 成員函數，用來輸入物件的資料成員
      {
         cout << "Enter name: "; cin >> name;
         cout << "Enter age: ";  cin >> age;  
      }
      void show_data(void)  // 成員函數，用來顯示物件的資料成員
      {
         cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
         cout << "Age: "  << age << endl;  
      }            
};

int main(void)
{
   CStudent st;
      
   ifstream ifile("c:\\student.dat",ios::binary);
   
   ifile.read((char*) &st,sizeof(st));
   st.show_data();
   
   ifile.close();         // 關閉檔案

   system("pause");
   return 0;
}

0417作業
       Report for Ansi C++
A9803002 Alexis     73 81 54 66 avg: 66
A9803006 Matthew    98 87 74 83 avg: 84
A9803008 Aiden      83 77 82 72 avg: 78
A9803011 Chrimetor  53 53 46 55 avg: 51*
A9803017 Addisory   83 88 74 57 avg: 73
A9803019 Chritopher 77 83 71 88 avg: 79
A9803020 Mason      63 69 88 90 avg: 79
A9803023 Addison    95 97 94 82 avg: 91
A9803028 Joshua     43 52 60 55 avg: 53*
A9803029 Andrew     71 79 64 72 avg: 70
A9803030 Elizabeth  63 61 58 51 avg: 57*

使用C的atoi()與atof()。
先利用c_str()轉成C string，再用atoi()與atof()。
double n = atof(s.c_str());
int n = atoi(s.c_str());

//prog18_5, 文字檔的拷貝與讀取
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;

int main(void)
{
    char txt[80],ch;
    string rec;

    ifstream ifile("D:\\stdRec1.txt",ios::in);
    ofstream ofile("D:\\report2.txt",ios::out);

    if(ofile.is_open()){
         ofile<< "       Report for Ansi C++ "<< endl;
        while(ifile.getline(txt,sizeof(txt),'\n')){
            rec = txt;
            string id = rec.substr(0,8);
            string name = rec.substr(8,10);
            double sc1 = atof(rec.substr(18,3).c_str());
            double sc2 = atof(rec.substr(21,3).c_str());
            double sc3 = atof(rec.substr(24,3).c_str());
            double sc4 = atof(rec.substr(27,3).c_str());
            //cout<<id<<" "<<name<<" "<<sc1<<" "<<sc2<<" "<<sc3<<" "<<sc4<<" "<<endl;
            int avg = sc1*0.2+sc2*0.2+sc3*0.3+sc4*0.3;
            string fail=" ";
            if(avg < 60) fail="*";
            ofile<<id<<" "<<name<<" "<<sc1<<" "<<sc2<<" "<<sc3<<" "<<sc4<<" avg: "<<avg<<fail<<endl;
        }
        ifile.close();
        ofile.close();
    }
    system("pause");
    return 0;
}