2/20 練習
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main(){
double degreeC,degreeF;
cout<<"Please enter the degree C!"<<endl;
cin>>degreeC;
degreeF=degreeC*9/5+32;
cout<<"The degree C transform to degree F is "<<degreeF<<endl;
cout<<"Please enter the degree F!"<<endl;
cin>>degreeF;
degreeC=(degreeF-32)*5/9;
cout<<"The degree F transform to degree C is "<<degreeC<<endl;
return 0;
}
0227練習
#include<iostream>
#include<cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(){
int n[101][200]={0};
n[0][0]=1;
int i,j;
for(i=1;i<=100;i++){
for(j=0;j<200;j++)
n[i][j]=n[i-1][j]*i;
for(j=0;j<200;j++)
if(n[i][j]>=10){
n[i][j+1]+=n[i][j]/10;
n[i][j]%=10;
}
int t=199;
while(n[i][t]==0) t--;
cout<<i<<"!=";
for(;t>=0;t--) cout<<n[i][t];
cout<<endl;
}
}
0306練習
# include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include<cmath>
using namespace std;
class CTime
{
private:
// members data
int m_hours;
int m_mins;
int m_secs;
public:
// constructors
CTime(void);
CTime(int hours, int mins, int secs);
// other members function
bool setTime(int hours, int mins, int secs);
int getHours();
int getMins();
int getSecs();
void diff(CTime *time);
void print();
};
// Auxiliary Function
bool isValidTime(int hours,int mins,int secs);
// constructors
CTime::CTime(){
m_hours=0;
m_mins=0;
m_secs=0;
}
CTime::CTime(int hours, int mins, int secs) {
m_hours=hours;
m_mins=mins;
m_secs=secs;
}
// member methods
bool CTime::setTime(int hours, int mins, int secs){
if (!isValidTime(hours, mins, secs))
return false;
else {
m_hours=hours;
m_mins=mins;
m_secs=secs;
return true;
}
}
void CTime::diff(CTime *time){
int sum1=m_hours*3600+m_mins*60+m_secs;
int sum2=time->m_hours*3600+time->m_mins*60+time->m_secs;
int sum=abs(sum2-sum1);
int h=sum/3600;
int m=sum%3600/60;
int s=sum%60;
if(h<10) cout<<0;
cout << h << ":";
if(m<10) cout<<0;
cout << m << ":";
if(s<10) cout<<0;
cout << s << endl;
}
int CTime::getHours(){
return m_hours;
}
int CTime::getMins(){
return m_mins;
}
int CTime::getSecs(){
return m_secs;
}
void CTime::print() {
if(m_hours<10) cout<<0;
cout << m_hours << ":";
if(m_mins<10) cout<<0;
cout << m_mins << ":";
if(m_secs<10) cout<<0;
cout << m_secs << endl; // ??? 00:00:00
}
bool isValidTime(int hours,int mins,int secs)
{
return ( hours >=0 && hours < 24 && mins >= 0
&& mins < 60&& secs >= 0 && secs < 60 );
}
int main(){
CTime *time1=new CTime(12, 59, 59);
cout << " time1>> ";
time1->print();
CTime *time2=new CTime(13, 0, 0); // generate an CTime object time2 and time is 13:00:00
cout << " time2>> ";
time2->print();
// add a member function into the CTime class for processing time difference
//
cout << " diftime>> ";
time1->diff(time2);
}
ex0320 MS visual studio C++
// php.cpp: 主要專案檔。
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Text::RegularExpressions;
using namespace System::Collections;
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
String^ input="Information and Management Department";
String^ infix="67 + 55 * 5 - 32 / 4";
String^ postfix="";
Regex^ rx=gcnew Regex(" ");
array<String^> ^a=rx->Split(infix);
for each(String^ ss in a) Console::WriteLine(";"+ss);
Stack^ stk1=gcnew Stack();
for each(String^ ss in a){
if(ss=="+" || ss=="-" ||ss=="*" ||ss=="/" ){
if(stk1->Count ==0){
stk1->Push(ss);
}else{
String^ peek=stk1->Peek()->ToString();
if(ss=="*" ||ss=="/" ){
if(peek=="-"||peek=="+"){
stk1->Push(ss);
}else{
while(stk1->Count!=0)
postfix=postfix+" "+stk1->Pop();
stk1->Push(ss);
}
}else{
while(stk1->Count!=0)
postfix=postfix+" "+stk1->Pop();
stk1->Push(ss);
}
}
}else{
postfix=postfix+" "+ss;
}
}
while(stk1->Count!=0)
postfix=postfix+" "+stk1->Pop();
Console::WriteLine("postfix >>" + postfix);
int op1,op2,op3;
array<String^> ^b=rx->Split(postfix);
for each(String^ ss in b){
if(ss=="")
;
else{
if(ss=="+"){
op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op3=op2+op1;
stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
}else if(ss=="-" ){
op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op3=op2-op1;
stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
}else if(ss=="*"){
op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op3=op2*op1;
stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
}else if(ss=="/"){
op1=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op2=Convert::ToInt32(stk1->Pop()->ToString());
op3=op2/op1;
stk1->Push(Convert::ToString(op3));
}else{
stk1->Push(ss);
}
}
}
Console::WriteLine("sum >>" + stk1->Pop());
system("pause");
return 0;
}
0327練習A
// 0327A.cpp: 主要專案檔。
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "stdlib.h"
using namespace System;
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
array<int> ^day=gcnew array<int>{10,9,3,7};
try // 監視程式碼的區塊
{
int b = Convert::ToInt32("ABC") ;
Console::WriteLine("b is {0}", b);
}
catch (ArithmeticException ^e) // 取得”除以零”的錯誤
{
Console::WriteLine("ArithmeticException: {0}",e->Message);
}catch (ArgumentException ^e)
{
Console::WriteLine("ArgumentException: {0}",e->Message);
}catch (FormatException ^e)
{
Console::WriteLine("FormatException: {0}",e->Message);
}catch (IndexOutOfRangeException ^e)
{
Console::WriteLine("IndexOutOfRangeException: {0}",e->Message);
}catch (Exception ^e) // 例外狀況
{
Console::WriteLine("Exception: {0}",e->Message);
}
__finally
{
Console::WriteLine("End of Job");
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
0327練習B
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;
class interest{
private:
char type; // 'S': Single rate; 'C':Compound interest
double prin, rate=0.05; // prin: principal; rate: bank rate
int year;
public:
interest(char tp);
interest(char tp, double rt);
int getResult(double year);
void setPrin(double pp);
void setRate(double rr);
};
interest::interest(char tp){
type = tp;
}
interest::interest(char tp, double rt){
type = tp;
rate = rt;
}
int interest::getResult(double yy){ // Formula of Single= p(1+nr)
// Formula of Compound= P(1+r)^n
year = yy;
if(type=='S'){
return round(prin*(1+year*rate));
}else{
return round(prin*pow((1+rate),year));
}
}
void interest::setPrin(double pp){
prin = pp;
}
void interest::setRate(double rr){
rate = rr;
}
int main(){
double prin=2000, rate=0.05;
interest *A = new interest('S');
interest *B = new interest('C',rate);
A->setPrin(prin);
B->setPrin(prin);
interest *D = new interest('S');
interest *C = new interest('C',rate);
C->setPrin(5000);
C->setRate(0.0315);
D->setPrin(5000);
D->setRate(0.0315);
cout<< " *** Principal = " << prin << " \t **** Rate = "<< rate<<endl; // 2000, 0.05
cout<< "\nYears\t Bank A(Single) \tBank B(Compound) " << endl;
cout<< "----------------------------------------------------- " << endl;
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) {
//...............
cout << " "<<i<<"\t\t"<<A->getResult(i);
cout << "\t\t\t"<< B->getResult(i)<< endl;
}
cout << "===================================================== "<<endl;
cout<< " *** Principal = 5000 \t **** Rate = 0.0315"<<endl;
cout<< "\nYears\t Bank D(Single) \tBank C(Compound) " << endl;
cout<< "----------------------------------------------------- " << endl;
for(int i=1;i<=10;i++) {
//...............
cout << " "<<i<<"\t\t"<<D->getResult(i);
cout << "\t\t\t"<< C->getResult(i)<< endl;
}
}
0410練習
A9803002 Alexis 73 81 54 66 avg:66
A9803006 Matthew 98 87 74 83 avg:84
A9803008 Aiden 83 77 82 72 avg:78
A9803011 Chrimetor 53 53 46 55 avg:51 *
A9803017 Addisory 83 88 74 57 avg:73
A9803019 Chritopher 77 83 71 88 avg:79
A9803020 Mason 63 69 88 90 avg:79
A9803023 Addison 95 97 94 82 avg:91
A9803028 Joshua 43 52 60 55 avg:53 *
A9803029 Andrew 71 79 64 72 avg:70
A9803030 Elizabeth 63 61 58 51 avg:57 *
// test.cpp: 主要專案檔。
#include "stdafx.h"
#include "string.h"
#include "stdio.h"
using namespace System;
using namespace System::IO;
int main(array<System::String ^> ^args)
{
try {
String^ fid2="d:\\stdrec1.txt";
if(!File::Exists(fid2)){
Console::WriteLine(L" File does not exists!!");
return 0;
}
String^ fid="d:\\report.txt";
if(File::Exists(fid)){
Console::WriteLine(L" File already exists!!");
File::Delete(fid);
return 0;
}
StreamWriter^ sw=File::CreateText(fid);
StreamReader^ sr=gcnew StreamReader(fid2);
String ^line, ^sid, ^sname, ^sc1, ^sc2, ^sc3, ^sc4;
while((line = sr->ReadLine()) != nullptr){
sid=line->Substring(0,8);
sname=line->Substring(8,10);
sc1=line->Substring(19,2);
sc2=line->Substring(22,2);
sc3=line->Substring(25,2);
sc4=line->Substring(28);
int avg=Convert::ToDouble(sc1)*0.2+Convert::ToDouble(sc2)*0.2+Convert::ToDouble(sc3)*0.3+Convert::ToDouble(sc4)*0.3;
String ^fail=" ";
if(avg < 60) fail="*";
Console::WriteLine("{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} avg:{6} {7}",sid,sname,sc1,sc2,sc3,sc4,avg,fail);
sw->WriteLine("{0} {1} {2} {3} {4} {5} avg:{6} {7}",sid,sname,sc1,sc2,sc3,sc4,avg,fail);
}
sr->Close();
sw->Close();
}
catch(Exception^ e){
Console::WriteLine("The file can't be read: {0}",e->Message);
}
return 0;
}
0417檔案輸出輸入
ifstream (檔案輸入)、ofstream (檔案輸出) 以及 fstream (檔案輸出入)
※檔案的開啟與關閉
開啟檔案
檔案物件.open(“檔案名稱”,ios::開啟模式);
可供選擇的開啟模式
- ios::app 開啟可供附加資料的檔案
- ios::in 開啟可供讀取資料的檔案
- ios::out 開啟可供寫入資料的檔案
- ios::trunc 若檔案已存在，先刪除它，再開啟
- ios::binary 開啟二進位的輸入/輸出檔案
關閉檔案
檔案物件.close();
※文字檔的處理
將資料寫入文字檔
將資料附加到已存在的文字檔
從文字檔案讀取資料
get()、getline()、put()
利用 put() 將字串寫入檔案
文字檔的拷貝與讀取
//從檔案內讀取一個字元，並把它寫入 ch 字元變數
檔案物件.get(ch);
//從檔案內最多讀取 N-1 個字元，或是讀取到 \n
//並把它存放到字串 str 中
檔案物件.getline(str, N, ’\n’);
//將ch字元變數的值寫入檔案內
檔案物件.put(ch);
prog18_1
//prog18_1, 將資料寫入文字檔
#include <fstream> // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
ofstream ofile("c:\\donkey.txt",ios::out); // 建立ofile物件
if(ofile.is_open()) // 測試檔案是否被開啟
{
ofile << "我有一隻小毛驢" << endl; // 將字串寫入檔案
ofile << "我從來也不騎" << endl; // 將字串寫入檔案
cout << "已將字串寫入檔案..." << endl;
}
else
cout << "檔案開啟失敗..." << endl;
ofile.close(); // 關閉檔案
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_2
//prog18_2, 將資料附加到已存在的文字檔
#include <fstream> // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
ofstream afile("c:\\donkey.txt",ios::app); // 建立afile物件 從檔案結尾寫入(輸出)資料
if(afile.is_open()) // 測試檔案是否被開啟
{
afile << "有一天我心血來潮騎著去趕集"; // 將字串寫入檔案
cout << "已將字串附加到檔案了..." <<endl;
}
else
cout << "檔案開啟失敗..." << endl;
afile.close(); // 關閉檔案
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_3
//prog18_3, 從檔案讀入資料
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
char txt[40]; // 建立字元陣列，用來接收字串
ifstream ifile("c:\\donkey.txt",ios::in);
while(!ifile.eof()) // 判別是否讀到檔案的尾端
{
ifile >> txt; // 將檔案內容寫入字元陣列
cout << txt << endl;
}
ifile.close(); // 關閉檔案
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_4
//prog18_4, 利用put()將字串寫入檔案
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
char txt[]="Welcome to the C++ world" ; // 建立字元陣列
int i=0;
ofstream ofile("F:\\welcome.txt",ios::out);
while(txt[i] != '\0') // 判別txt[i]字元是否為字串尾端
{
ofile.put(txt[i]); // 將字元txt[i]寫入檔案
i++;
}
cout << "字串寫入完成..." << endl;
ofile.close();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_5
//prog18_5, 文字檔的拷貝與讀取
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
char txt[80],ch;
ifstream ifile1("c:\\welcome.txt",ios::in);
ofstream ofile("c:\\welcome2.txt",ios::out);
while(ifile1.get(ch)) // 判別是否讀到檔案的尾端
ofile.put(ch);
cout << "拷貝完成..." << endl;
ifile1.close();
ofile.close();
ifstream ifile2("c:\\welcome2.txt",ios::in);
while(!ifile2.eof()) // 判別是否讀到檔案的尾端
{
ifile2.getline(txt,80,'\n');
cout << txt << endl;
}
ifile2.close();
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_6
//prog18_6, 二進位檔寫入的練習
#include <fstream> // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cmath> // 載入數學函數庫cmath
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
double num;
ofstream ofile("c:\\binary.dat",ios::binary); // 開啟可供寫入的二進位檔
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++)
{
num=sqrt((double)i); // 將i轉成double，再計算sqrt(i)
ofile.write((char*)&num,sizeof(num)); // 將num寫入二進位檔
}
cout << "已將資料寫入二進位檔了..." << endl;
ofile.close(); // 關閉檔案
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_7
//prog18_7, 讀取二進位檔
#include <fstream> // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
ifstream ifile("c:\\binary.dat",ios::binary); // 開啟二進位檔
double num;
for(int i=1;i<=5;i++)
{
ifile.read((char*) &num,sizeof(num)); // 從二進位檔中讀取資料
cout << num << endl; // 印出讀取的內容
}
cout << "二進位檔已被讀取了..." << endl;
ifile.close(); // 關閉檔案
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_8
//prog18_8, 將物件的內容寫入二進位檔
#include <fstream> // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class CStudent
{
protected:
char name[40];
int age;
public:
void get_data(void) // 成員函數，用來輸入物件的資料成員
{
cout << "Enter name: "; cin >> name;
cout << "Enter age: "; cin >> age;
}
void show_data(void) // 成員函數，用來顯示物件的資料成員
{
cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
cout << "Age: " << age << endl;
}
};
int main(void)
{
CStudent st;
st.get_data();
ofstream ofile("c:\\student.dat",ios::binary);
ofile.write((char*) &st,sizeof(st)); // 將物件寫入二進位檔中
cout << "資料已寫入檔案中..." << endl;
ofile.close(); // 關閉檔案
system("pause");
return 0;
}
prog18_9
//prog18_9, 從二進位檔裡讀取物件的資料
#include <fstream> // 載入fstream標頭檔
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
class CStudent
{
protected:
char name[40];
int age;
public:
void get_data(void) // 成員函數，用來輸入物件的資料成員
{
cout << "Enter name: "; cin >> name;
cout << "Enter age: "; cin >> age;
}
void show_data(void) // 成員函數，用來顯示物件的資料成員
{
cout << "Name: " << name << endl;
cout << "Age: " << age << endl;
}
};
int main(void)
{
CStudent st;
ifstream ifile("c:\\student.dat",ios::binary);
ifile.read((char*) &st,sizeof(st));
st.show_data();
ifile.close(); // 關閉檔案
system("pause");
return 0;
}
0417作業
Report for Ansi C++
A9803002 Alexis 73 81 54 66 avg: 66
A9803006 Matthew 98 87 74 83 avg: 84
A9803008 Aiden 83 77 82 72 avg: 78
A9803011 Chrimetor 53 53 46 55 avg: 51*
A9803017 Addisory 83 88 74 57 avg: 73
A9803019 Chritopher 77 83 71 88 avg: 79
A9803020 Mason 63 69 88 90 avg: 79
A9803023 Addison 95 97 94 82 avg: 91
A9803028 Joshua 43 52 60 55 avg: 53*
A9803029 Andrew 71 79 64 72 avg: 70
A9803030 Elizabeth 63 61 58 51 avg: 57*
使用C的atoi()與atof()。
先利用c_str()轉成C string，再用atoi()與atof()。
double n = atof(s.c_str());
int n = atoi(s.c_str());
//prog18_5, 文字檔的拷貝與讀取
#include <fstream>
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
using namespace std;
int main(void)
{
char txt[80],ch;
string rec;
ifstream ifile("D:\\stdRec1.txt",ios::in);
ofstream ofile("D:\\report2.txt",ios::out);
if(ofile.is_open()){
ofile<< " Report for Ansi C++ "<< endl;
while(ifile.getline(txt,sizeof(txt),'\n')){
rec = txt;
string id = rec.substr(0,8);
string name = rec.substr(8,10);
double sc1 = atof(rec.substr(18,3).c_str());
double sc2 = atof(rec.substr(21,3).c_str());
double sc3 = atof(rec.substr(24,3).c_str());
double sc4 = atof(rec.substr(27,3).c_str());
//cout<<id<<" "<<name<<" "<<sc1<<" "<<sc2<<" "<<sc3<<" "<<sc4<<" "<<endl;
int avg = sc1*0.2+sc2*0.2+sc3*0.3+sc4*0.3;
string fail=" ";
if(avg < 60) fail="*";
ofile<<id<<" "<<name<<" "<<sc1<<" "<<sc2<<" "<<sc3<<" "<<sc4<<" avg: "<<avg<<fail<<endl;
}
ifile.close();
ofile.close();
}
system("pause");
return 0;
}
